The lexical variants presented in the note below are arranged according to their frequency of occurrence in the survey data-from most frequent to least frequent.

To refer to the concept of a female ego's sister's daughter, the following words were reported in various parts of Maharashtra: lek, mulɡi, porɡi, əṇḍer, putṇi, bəhiṇlek, bəhiṇbeṭi, bəhinisni sohəri, mawəs lek, etc. Other than this, bʰətiǰi, nat, and ḍikri were also noted for this relation. bəhinlek was noted to refer to both sister’s son and sister’s daughter.


Except Parbhani and Hingoli districts, the word mulɡi was reported all over Maharashtra.

The word lek was noted widely in the western Maharashtra and Marathwada regions. However, it was reported infrequently in Nagpur, Akola, Buldhana, and Washim districts of Vidarbha regions; in Jalgaon, Nashik, and Nandurbar districts of Khandesh region and in Raigad, Thane districts of Konkan region. Whereas, in Palghar district, its use is predominant. The phonetic variations of this word include lek, lyek, lekus, lekri, lekis, etc.

For the concept of female ego’s sister’s daughter, the word bəhiṇlek was reported in Yavatmal, Chandrapur, Gadchiroli, Nagpur, Bhandara, and Gondia districts of Vidarbha region.

porɡi was elicited for the concept female ego’s sister’s daughter primarily in Vidarbha and Khandesh regions. It was attested sporadically in the rest of Maharashtra. pori, por, poyari, poši, etc. were attested as its phonetic variants.

The word bʰači was reported throughout Maharashtra. The phonetic variation of this word includes bʰaši, bʰasi, baši, basi, bʰačči, bʰaci, etc.

The use of the word əṇḍer was noted for this relation. However, it was only reported in Khandesh region. The word ǰiǰa əṇḍer was also reported.

mawəs mulɡi/mawəs lek were reported infrequently in Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Jalna, Nashik, Kolhapur, Satara, and Pune districts.

The word bʰətiǰi was documented in the Gujjar community of Palghar district and the Balai, Korku communities of Amravati district.

The word bəhiṇbeṭi was elicited in the Gowari, Binjewar, and Mahar communities of Gondia district. Further, it was also recorded in the Gond community of Gadchiroli district.

ḍikri was recorded in the Chambhar community of Nashik district for female ego’s sister’s daughter.

For this relation, the word nat was elicited in the Warli and Kumbhar communities of Palghar district. nat, natni, nati, etc. were noted as its phonetic variants.

Similarly, a few more expressions were used to introduce the daughter of a woman's sister. They are as follows: The Katkari community in Raigad district reported the word bəhinisni sohri; derači lek was elicited in the Kokna community of Palghar district; bəhiniči čeḍi was attested in the Christian community of Sindhudurg district; waḍbas was reported in Palghar district by the Malhar koli community; irmasu niɡri was noted in the Christian community of Raigad district. Further, the words bəhiṇiči mulɡi, bəhiči porɡi, bəhinoyi pohi, bəhiniči lek were reported in Palghar, Beed, Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Buldhana, Parbhani, Hingoli, Jalna, Jalgaon, and Solapur districts for this relation.